%PDF-1.7 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Outlines 2 0 R /Pages 3 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Outlines /Count 0 >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [6 0 R 20 0 R 34 0 R 39 0 R ] /Count 4 /Resources << /ProcSet 4 0 R /Font << /F1 8 0 R /F2 9 0 R /F3 10 0 R /F4 11 0 R >> /XObject << /I1 13 0 R /I2 15 0 R /I3 33 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 17 0 R /GS2 18 0 R /GS3 22 0 R /GS4 23 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 612.000 792.000] >> endobj 4 0 obj [/PDF /Text /ImageC ] endobj 5 0 obj << /Producer (dompdf 3.1.0 + CPDF) /CreationDate (D:20251007014954+00'00') /ModDate (D:20251007014954+00'00') >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 612.000 792.000] /Parent 3 0 R /Contents 7 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 858 >> stream xUM6W̱TM@l6Z%6.?#-!(€,Q̛ތ6PJ͏{(P7 )lk o+3Q9 腓eoퟰ^77椊ǚi;%ۥ>SƠa+̬$ӣ8CpŃWIK8N>Xep+Uגȗ'~r֨^h}RKoj+{- Y)7MB`H'{L'| W0C\4U8){))Q E ܑ͂O}4$} bbv|x> endobj 9 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F2 /BaseFont /Times-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F3 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F4 /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 12 0 obj [6 0 R /Fit] endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 800 /Height 533 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 36165>> stream JFIFC    !'"#%%%),($+!$%$C   $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ " fK)lJ@PBI-EQEQ(%EDQIiP$b(1e5C,9*PJJ (@DX(@QEDQ cB(1QIDQ%`EQ1th4uRB!TI J@P)(EDQKEDX DXEXE`I$F&N5VU%QeZ8~7>^rݗU;oGekw^w8xxa*D)%F*"(2+ 4ZzJ** &Rw|CϞ r>c_'|Nr2>?Oܖ[YPX( @$(a1iߢsu U QeDP/5|׌ѳ*fcw>^~>OVN~4voѿigY@,r8/ٍgyq#o>>2c ,?/GLulŔ)c(E,U*QEM n($.::4o2 x/5ݷ4nYe'MO:+W5gtۮOЌ]IQ(1x ^;?;;2_/~*pÍ]o}q,]<ibВXan~딲eAA@(0}?aÖzXAe-]n+ dz`"1G\N[+1d5߯=Lv1J8Lɖ_uߧueVk1ݧz"UQAB@ 2"y_S nv愛8]yu}=Zq]uzI&ɇD_Ó2  rƗ{wv pٯ,JkۆdRc2͞ϖ6mg ڷeB{5;2Y='#e0]]] sr|{K, ew__7XT( Ge2<7e{+1evg[&9bß=~cGݧv}YXڶpU Qeϥ^w^3+z^[i|ϱ^6N~?~>=&g<:gw?XРE^syˎ^wY,X eٯ,.[&($׳Y6ڹ vQBAe,r}?'鿘vm>ѷ,6CSy<~w~NOx?XР Fc>syܣr۸-!4lӆpkӵ:ws:a:K9L9v~?ycF($ ve,C )Al (7<>[~~}f2<7_߿Fuwz_ExeXٔOοD_/?;hU = 2!syuts戴pL0 qf c/{cN c$׳Y[ 咥PPTّ?UmytsnrշYxS_W|<}UXoG~7WGxe 2!?p|uѺ ag {t!%ͳ^{wsݷ;=|wݗES&ɳ^9daRe,r <o1WwlC~Go|}k 7#}\|K<3 0 p|,v8cXLumշ,D9׳v{۷{ lwiݟM!@ʘgt2J!YEEKϼw忨׳WW^ 5oyO/s}6Ss7Z~?cO~zv{`9a;o?YߧnT&!9eLunѻ,<3ۻn׉~;~D(S^xӵsBX` eQeYa ?Nѿ*cϻY|?>ߩ?/=:7zDb) c}gPbgjOι|ϻO-`8eycn!\nxOm⽯g[nIecxյs kl,K(?=|ֿѿ9ݗOꚿ0n6~h?GG|x#/g_6?+I?A<|j_9Gن}` F_/xx5tvxeq q׷Vې-ўw>?zն IIaɷVȐJkIJ rdE|_о?枀ߗ~~>x?3DO݋澟wv=>%bYBK r5~/5ͻ~Pc rgcn%AϞnL7{_=O[.13v˔!,5J[Tڂ*PXJ* BRk)/jݧnYX1,rd&:j \cw~.[ YV!5rBe`Qewb|~iwewmWi56w:kѩjSh56M݁^⋈2~gg\Kiݝ 1 ٞ:ەNXeo=~q_^˿dD5灎;H5YVR,e8j^ 8]ÉN+8݃NWP#i9gX㝣p5D̹|e5o U^f#<5hۖ;zn=vgc^R""[5Tݣy C]jTK`()P[B,(Xa9?.u&wvwN*m]lư׷lۿ1বc;\w{-;tm,LumSvH5ZL)n4Y@Q``@K 2%~[圾o^/'^QXqٳdItm+"K"Lnq~{7gq1Vu~"@.W[*RQe-Ɣ)P[Pc*W~_;x{%Ę2F;vl1ned!*&ڡ%6zѽ41VUG?A iV,%J$AlB PX @eJ|$^\YrsNrFVsYoΩ\6~˪nѽ+Q6۪2 P,,T@ .cy$],$KlKQ2&UL,vlzܷFY ,0ӷUcQ\QR[FIKq Ɉɍ2An6qAPTAPTA@Xa9?[՟5zo*Χ)z׏,\mXۏ&9e9&W|rٟ7f9c{wt25Kcvk4sh>vg̕]:e]xr;7tqmtk>.#>Qџ-;.fsVáɌәgfig>V5S{@ۗ.fer:&Ṱ92ɬ?{f3 _c'j/GXe|M\Y_jmirO_闷L//a @ܤ>sQ(}>rG܃Q(}>Li>LYi*:ʴrs=ڇY [_BoYRejN^NYTav9C m^`X, 7Z,2e9En CE4PCE40 ؄:̛E4p#G4p#G4P!M$vyT/tXB`]Ep\t]Et]A=(g&]֬6bB""""BBAhiD,ииȸȸиѴ 69Te,u' `472.C8Åtij.6ݻE (ꦹg Po 썓f"ͺLOs 74Rixdydmy$\:YI@uwVZw|NƀƀƀC@cPè!y@PØiW̬g Ʉd^ame]*wrJ}CHX,i4EsYN:E"ƕcJX,iZeP)oMǘ/hy*Fי%@,ۤˠ:T6&?PZnysj-zxdy*ohr^4me]*ss)ۆzvւ֡'8RwO0ø0c 0C 0A0 i " ,`F <`2%@!f&]֩SÙ&N0Pd1ᓊn ݆Lh`a>EbeznXN\omN ʆCT0IT;oMsǟ0:n.Tī]dJG$ᘷҚQ!K4o{hy^PyPFh pF!JNB"(x,T;o&u7 d,ۤˠ:TaK6)sT>yJ!! B$ە$3aa0u:™4 }6CmRQDacmRzwˢ0ry?͸:/w?4sX80+v*7QP(`0 ZL,O9ReGsHS{GNmԙsQ 07a@x'>L;d䌕#k N}ԙs! ʂ20uP\ƞ&L滅*HH0uPdƞ&N_w"g`ӤiiiR4/2~!!!!I_6y^RSPҨiT4Su3Ut 133pi4ek#>4Ig6yZ.s:/w#9- ȗ 9I;|aX:0n0/ 0N<0O <хx*CrEF}KiŰanh)pT_5`X,eV =E j*112 F ȂI.=e35wӗcm8/)[YR,t:S mI$!# C`H5wXC>IO%Q-Q*H( *6L[KB"pCJ5FCXqnBH'5123!BQR 0@APq"#abp?BR AH) R AH{L0Tdz4Q-*@*r񶕕cOZJ|r^=ETW}Cwܨi9OJ[?VD(xk9 š+JҴ+JҟuoTLf+gi:NC0Dm"SW[^o5mU[ i:Ca+]'R4؄JipL"j)Ěu.k,&p𶁔%y[dyW^MEWU9{N|F$;FR] GtT'MG\!QǑ땳RorS3 iiT"0 W>pDWZ`=)BdFVRJ=^L<-Sk>*.4rrT,S4<-8 jv5E 4r~ROƒ=fP8 jv5EO5;K(9ܦPx[KJY\!Q#1[;w);~{"j i(P`9pk>e yQSܾ:WGJQb޾҆$9}Iԛ}Ezcb2 𶖒AqN8g @<"vzG%+Ry.IQI\R.Ji\r*Q@\<-GpDk>(m-1Q¾gpG=id+}P2!5555555555555?idvGRIͲ*05r:Ep(mxAp mT"H t}Bs7B!_He QK(_ NƳPG+jv 7T}FG(6tSUZgOM?`0mxM pMm)Jy+m䭵Z an[geYRVT%%eYVT%%%%%%%%%%%%$ZE!9)K >rWC9)J)dUxk JU6Wz)W-12 !0AQ"3@PBaR#p?]J*ʲ*ʲ*eFTeFTQFTQFTe_ONS ,A3@(>J\X…ٝ`fVO5͛.3eӌ ]*cB 2(P\ f-8l1E92*TRJ*/3Y QCcy3ɼs&y)ʂo!ӌֹ7uݛ||g*N7ɽɽ.B3u્NeKh6;,Vzn}('IGfe7ɒo8ltzQo$&IHO3Ki1;Q36K> %\`d[N tpa:GVD?gl'%pM^C~ӠNȗ?~ w\tߥ p&x?Q.K g/-c D Hot vX8E|| ~t,gi!Kiуi+-c D Hoڴ vXE|| ȗol&%]pNC~գew-b6n'i!KjA-9n&;,\"/  ^%L~O?(EJ39%B ]-A"["Dpp6D61J5MfH"2Dnّ \Yڴ?KY[鶭(w;,\#+"}6դi;Ȇ (PB (SiDFJ5S:ଅV>"mVC3#zɽ_o2N7!mVXEekM zD2lzz<ʜ=>_MY_M>4\bLJbLJ*TRJ*Ttw7P#uBn`70Q9\$fEV #eJ\(o*W!؆D;\D?12 !3qr"0@ABQ4P`a#CbRsѐ?:n_xzX}_/ / cim |_/k_d漗~8_y[ZQZZZQj-Gqj-;KKMb_d[ڵxp.r< b[ bؾ/G_X[ ! ^V?%Z%c(:ؕjUu_e|^U>%?BfȾ_#ljd,%ezKTSq ZXUE"vOЇԬIsSq 0̼̾̾&DGGS//2/2/1d]!++ҏrFlAG*_P<Εj6ffQB5[_{5?JeE2/ÀSݑ F(Hq/ܷ-UG{Aƻ#CE?!}hKY"#Ŀr:]͢P{FcQClaE ԫe^'Y+#d|J<Ǒ/d{={q ]Eb_%b_%km+mٴe_/Wʊ~B G6̇ ][G#O_AG?G$8O]{ҏ_Ҏ쨧/Ã*ӏ|kA)9~c- nB xXLjB(Q.&2RrzK*) ?exuA)y~Tr%Ѕಭ8qE'eKS~ʊgBEeZp-D%//l9^%H_A,Qo$H%).9^%*)xnYZ*yg!WwyI"J,(F MT:Xbmaӭ vJ]NUIeDҲVFxYmg&xYmgT)oʦmdmYfћFm |nMS~З,!.Cl.C0.CgG6t~gG6tx#Ql6Tx*< ʏeGъ[ndHUoWIeD'Zѥ~Gm'-%e{ 񋶿ɖRz)=G=G=ELKi1-Ķ&%LKԘ ԅ闦^zeB!ze闦^~eBͤͥ!ѤiԬInПwN}%rr{ܽ^-----iiiiin?-b5YquKtXXXXXX]..,,,,,,,5v*n!++ߤyL_fSq%|1>j5 Op>nZ^Y*/5F|4g@11}MHy1EX1E4X5E"O!7g/h5aTX5ET~樽'Pfg)/5.1}MZٔoY^|l_fSqMe}Tؾ̦yVq˦yVb9}K,e;Ec;Iq1˦ysUUn<8x}%u,X,CkQ#r..&.}M:b9uk n6g,ڸ[G<<Gx}Gx}GYQbĻ\. qȸMNX vk3oE7.9US5[B2U=l Jydƪ5I%fs:SX㫑%ZIwGkG61^SgJE~L΍"g)*N~5EwYmW+ 窝\W*x#mG+413*TUH͕4"6ī;Ywwg,޲_UeY_I^l,edl].{2K6{ƿJF7;^mEn ¥ȫ>5&x0+rj\wÁ݁dp<5n3e%l{%F-ƪ(f-V8٩")%RcwiړJ/ʤ[qѨU̮LDcx%I&Tz7m:ޯ7.yJ1t%UN]B]Y+3,Z!R9+q*G:rox[/Y+5UW(k~eEgzj;!NNrJkgF "U;YTwTE"+%F#V::>4QD|IXKXK;P3^^i~+!1A Qaq0@P`?!ڌ #b#66cb6xI$yJGpAAǘRo0"?\AAAA  # U"`$H2dɓ&O ,ImUk-$zX;LN?߈yýgOԋ|; pL}gabќ_%k[#\%4P/7Ȉ~tw_wP8p3$?U^Fw0lQZ5́'wm}wms-!PE8h/q̟)+4v܉oqp2f+<'QO] dx"TCb."ƨAB (PMD" (PPbwff~e thsG3$.xVE`F3E,:c33x6 w!{;H&,s-s5r{ $~FKT[0qpI$I$ay&H;05kT`@4B [L \#Ɲ"V\Z)hjCi ^K Ѥu:KsC'kїySeKӂoǹa'l6Ycx-p?4LHSJ0=o jL|oݷ^;l A C!d"y#M< v/)@ȓfJ;p&LăT+ ԡGTWw??f-Fw1YahGz#ވp! Tjc4^4H| _>pG uĆ҃|?`'OK@"y{-x3*1і7sY$## Mi)$Ժ$G|{FU'D1e%Aȵc}d/Q"c!AJ%aBd'B֦r׎U R{!-8:E^!|JE*}$ =cOدNGH 9{Z;$dK%AV1|T SG]Џ#26n#abd E U6CT5b㝂ODIRr${+<|+0SqL!ݳ$';ffXc1`^:&4ž^,2q:Ex.E/p2:p;vQacˋv9.٥o=4٢-x ~Tf^;'U Ph"1W0v0-UXc<7-4|f?;` <83!cB"Ix|v62ͩ豗Ǧ#|j ~T+A75"yl9-xx=a 2w;EVfDL2{i豗q,x ~MɂtaQen2'&hɆ$3lTRC; Nu`V$jWE{zi0ɖm]PZנ ^X,(8xBRhBK1rxM3'TfWN8w Tm^աŧ1i:Ga2Fr}!'r-}"7eHoe{$B>Pn3{&fY͵c. ^Z1r`L>pBi*Rɝ;j$E_PGtZqF*M4VtF9*/B6̷dWxD-׀+|V E,)WšSVpjMȯ ' .aRI>@vdڸhve"`+stGHm [+jUݎh Qw\ <, (jۉھNgB_iNhrp:~U%6ߏ[zm<.slȵ-,r5:GCcg4-*OI%LcVrD'8raqu8wgyw?s0jKpExڴpkX:{Y0Gq?$3r9kxm |gw<#'5f&zo-#<5JVRF D*N[S| gHqK ;QIk$*RR\&:dȉ\4=!}B܀" I)lK 7zP'DۇDl7pAMU]SM4-LFɸ9!*V-@UD0KUGi$Zdh\< Dnb<(n&RV)|]Jb"F)YwJ:®Gxf1$OJN\\J&%LQrTK#-9xnA}u%neEPat;Fǘ%@=j5MBaCGRb{q8Y^Ke #اbEc-~߽?q˥RYei_C=/< 26TA. I̸, (לǟL色~L}}H_ϽϼOJ?7C#'shވJ 0^p??+7ýy^H`g?97\>yΖ]t}ҩ׭?0m#."`M/6|3׼F: V}]{;; xyޅw3N1 ԩiI u^8NT)OObp艘{R2`~=þw@|W*_{hpg2hUEumėZ$^YR(|kX[ׯ|UM3ӥc]Z5ɊI4=L?UVU.!AEui^c,PiUUYw\:\Xw@0)|ˮձz}ie>|l]u׮]@3m%gzgd#M0x%O1bZ߰m;YaNT}uƪ}Hgupγq#bO8=UͳbL_<Ģ3>k5֘EF}Xh Пvyya 5}6)4?>JW O t\v9u+ 4<=iˬU牷N6ϝ9 00 0[9n\̦-|Q<4.=< 0 0 4P qz%M$t3KS!N߃5)f'A ̃dsvI! UQ4:!-1y /#SZn\>9y<_]MǠkPHi/""C[aШCU+L}ƃ v['J>Ow]~jsw#>Oߡh^ugfH2cB,-X3F4IZ5.R>%ˏV6jqI[641" Zbv p[Ũ.,:9!q3[;"Ra{Z1;LS2znVtػ&R48gGbh{wHԲ^֌^4*r5j;bȡ0jǑ붷MY"Rc +S-7V=V5kӕ3Fk?ǡs0L!f/uiRoNVKyk,-X=Bƭ7V]V5kNVX!#ۏk{1 !սX7e!fV7VV5跧+VbG%QKrܼw'EZ r^p/8&U޷V]VL_bZkiFioJՉy!c-^m>#}RV/Pr?]H<Kccq5&zrby#-3FpE+6Zb<2I$I$I$Ib"YRB25b]ǒ-s%̗2d$K"Dnqz)5.]S'w%pĪ,G/q=Q. _ƼB'+$ 8bk JXǒ y$@~ \!*Ջz /q!0"uщVWh@5dw`/;"*Dw~Ir$^l_/x*^b!m"±"$tAN'AWbÒx>~~a\&1QBf= "@$H"@T;Qhx" B;/iڝv.uCD ꐬhIRHi P$! * '!$PB"B+H A ,VZ fZb U *)!10q AQaсP@?*?lUP oRcZ9g,圱q- r. C\Ƥ{I1# o"Uc,c}xV9cbq^à߷0ne82YYY8J6SR# 2ρٗ5Ǡ(O$H"@%\ĐIBiPe4".'a5 SnBΣd{/->©D9;r"bhLzV5KOub_ aO"^\-Uиg( .9DtFTʳPsW>^p<=?ue"_ UIN^ǰAFA%g_~(&ʟ_.(@ @dENj+z$8HpN-:pB#h^ Zx9]x\ׄɥ{ꆬwBBK$W?ۈYa Xx@BA)kA(dQAA@ hJ@X݆Bx@`BD p "zОbD$H$4 # 1k6#  #!5THF% H" 8crhlt6] t6: Ck&I] p''OE"Z"Z#hh"Z"Z"nQ,0FF`"00# >44<*%{FА!(vC^ XKq++=}–4B7giTN v =8p~[Bg)L6_PN=E{jԖ jeF hA@4@ E1Qj7B! t" ^x 7T\JD:t)Wz}bbs ޸2__#6)rv_b0Q_I_G.8vb!0C1XYb5cHTJ9C "B"B\'=N(M6\hwTD' LS̞(ǬΓQG,\nR1ex~$\lIDjg%q)Q+J$4匜Dy$ɵ+SM2Q9sUI0G X_`4 10cCq{sF PABv  .Z~ 6pD=QTCu!꺉u!@]HzmԎ+u A]%sWW>pe 4 [BM$!BDHе BNEFW#bZF5ّCn7`cԢ7iLhR3<} 3I9RŨwOȆ/ɞ+G1X1n-X{d!"BBBB e(N*^,3' az&SG0%)ŢEܙDv!rHᴕkó\Wm* Y xEC!Y:_]] C? ,`   0 me p HHX@$4-[ BOJjU LבhHeL*_>G)pEŃQRYgCmRrN\bINn HBIDhJ @8% E DQ(mI(11JHHHHAE!-?Bݞb"(Y3f'9ToII_Ё<,TIUrg$@cI~($1a;cٰm\Kv't914]p*4Ɍ$W +%KGЖZ3} s+ĖRMs/ cZ}ħvA2 KXݳe@ϒ97<ЪT$m{5DHLc=RajӑPvң0N_324%!(Gq2'ߩ'1hmmq5&%-3%o3 XvJ!RZR/iW}+d$KF쁡HHU !`ĬJ!:@!s6/ض?fYB|%W١9#cTfV=$*hd^S ]E =SgIO}LJ,DZ;,+n;$U;J1*< :'I~kNhQ*kPMuR sԧ^nTeokG6^FvPΖtv4LvPA5%LE-^0bHunc!, JD` ZĨ5z̒qpWhL,01C yOJja!?H<䐖MĒZMO3A?/ƭ w$A`"D8--F$d=D=D=FCѐde;CEݤQö"šh%Lp@T"&I~U2M۴:};?"W"ILW3Xs=J;'bov)ɲĽHdPo7+,jORzgBl18$d)=bw! !||VCR<S_ (Z*KCKBrr*{X<1U(3э840bt ׅ o9~V Ś]Ho([)3Ǹ]yٖ]%xBCh|\rwFUo4;ԆW15VjCU{:u]HfR3uܺF5`OŽCwxg#!ac|C (FTI&4ĵ09.q2։hQBs&H<7noz ulJ0YL ;| / ȅq(SQDń|=H矅RsRvN# ^ u#T"Mjf:he3뜢x TUbUo 4iNM#<#ȀſùDjv_ ̆1ἊFjHHHK__b,Hq2IHM$ȎjEI .*S]!Ӱ2y%EAr#K2\b/w+f~:TA^Dƪ0ڸkׂVPj,A#H)X$2;:2ŌxV̱␐{Dsw<J擬DCYTqԋpܽ2MsQ7s'WQC l Rn\S%Engnq) iwׁ 9K2=" Q^D~,b/Rba<<\Rbɯh1 p;C@ By+gc41jwxB/p+6;:.d|S*-a"j5$j*FS\)@􁡲]HȚ{[ʃrɢ㸞gݝ .+_r;d5*O^#O^Q7op-FN*B)|ƄiFR4/Vqy4ޢyS.R܊$4($YhQ֍9&M:* JíȱTdmxQ`Ʊc/, yKܬdAa*TBJ:W 9m}G73S3{kt6Jqٹa!1T^x(^IkAQFgrh'T@z#3{ŏjwx/<v|ʕ{H/R >Q; DTOH?ZjteIfPsS+4!Z5^E#Q 9y4pòfb}*F^0PC0I?Vo"ኅ7+*?L}jr34Ōfr<H,$X,V,`ab)(DxfX ӫCN ;,qL+1X8vAygԫ7vCx>$ۻNx^pDɡ<CZ ?PI* @f˚<7<+ -^fXu"PhBT(2 I@"`uWRRP).a>RIe0/ej?옄AG#L2 G8Dீj)F$3%߂BXBž ҭOC2 Iգd,V3.s.=`^q^>2=,hioBKMмt3,XǂwxȊ[nҒ`_ɕDFnDU}X,(,QZ1H?a&vCwp\ u Z[x=,Bp?D+s[cO,kw !`B|2xYv!eh9ɑ%E $ eay"?Ig#Ba\Ix(ݟĶHwd5;Y'dz<df; /Jv dS_^X'QBaq*e0ޤЄ$" -EDc$o E)f;,9KE+ENvCvbS$R:!!8GLர̝5EASe*SG6krU]t)LFM8 S!m,87=U/󾊓 &I6%krbԒ9$$E Z= nZ 6*hbqg;cO\x'vA:LbHIxmx7Ha8MTxv"$Ⱦ 'O!`"w`HvCqa2ꊌD/% -dBP3KđUZ؂W8a+|ڂ6eCyv%mMAF5񰮽 IM ].FFT&m"f!oG͌^5{ NhEF@Lɹ!kHtENEL[#$LO$KVq$ڒ%'ĖN t'bv؝Bv$r'bI: >Oᅮ.|^Q$[^>HX~MxwqLKQҍYdD<Hl+]FCъtbOFC'' gFŞ vx3<"Dg 6gA En tL0%֒X츭,wɏ <2e@h>b8mU[KU!|Ņw* *srAUz?ň m .LT?Hw8p2?džXv(PX` $EdG%9R0̨gZ"[b{3[ě+@~K)u"$sYk/C1]J\W  & \YuG쒽ʍ%jpH"14 <^k]Z+L2ƦڌtD͉$LX*`X/b0G#|' Wൕ{*xYGRDਔ*V%تdYC3TԺz ԧܐNPOSf'Sjn0CDE7*iŦ ˅[(?IBlEknfb#*a? `B$_ >~&+=rvVͼA<2$^Hk6lbY,<G額 4=A)161'&H &I"e'a?qB#M| Lj)pm]%l dqtpxGa|Y_ , 'X#zp"y }Ư q:Oy/'^u9hEṚr<SrefZ3#f]Fڰ*M}eNvBV1؞ wA<!`E2idpsbE6 =?!߻rU"ba*!XitFɗ%MMo\Z$6%9*"a;Rv'W6[$ud젆t\L"iP$t5u6W1"C]69T!SS(+QrJ{r"iMڮ4mqɴhK$N&]aߧVTfB2iv1AeJpEd4+"0 Z$=&4DiU4{ vF5*Q˻2:fF7z+]j E"k7p8km&&sY6 Xp jb,Aʴj9H8m=PL--u ֊T;6CPFI²JU}ʚjSha'"fL~PBR I; "!*(J(9H;PRuomDR[H-7#SG"ʄ`KR"3SEMubm; Ù^=KQj(TVlP%Sq QRHܡEyǒiN:z5QL:#-kV8YuIփy;jLOGkIKNGekLMd;2 /RHڬd $䄓lS<)<.EXBs,HLiqNԥ:d:x$I> stream JFIFC    !'"#%%%),($+!$%$C   $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ " ٱлUscUnpZ ˗( s ֪ e@2[R2+b:s+h0boQ*fQ&&p'TF?M=Cp }S+Do @|vU=YĖQK&90k5V JFNo/'wm B17d&4AigsS3 amTEpWFV/2/T즶9Zj±8M)cky2,L ݙr륙H5ShfU֨kUv}Vc4UqS\p5ʩ\6:Pc|L^mf-&&gV[Cmɟa4я^+''&Ws5V2#x90M /TgBMRMG-=;8r# ^4]"!ю;ҧ?>qUCL.UΑ#P[o>t){bV&ȅ^@{XjᓧeNc-2594/O˛Z#1gOHYa\]Ŋ6cTw^.xXW,*mj⢀g=>g>!53CC'-rugʫ;cƚ,y M%I@  ϟgvm=55(|"ImJxעkEEƎ^`>_<PhV0BT+'42`U\ӔB)Pr&; TAm^mPF- ehO \HkkM:l;-dnGCIhEd@G18`beunmEs{KF*X[!,bc"JjSu7PVKLW5U A39$ 4H0V6p&Ƈ\uOUi,C3YgqVôGqKy)!Y24YK$ƒHOJAܪ\Є\^\x9QNj}kҲ;hxl.b tr\BERY$E"QG/k+DB q?%S KiN*SO+y28N\ܹk,MԲ`: k5[W ''_UZΎ6l\i.?1frΧ`1"\r}(AZ D$W[Z)r%1X#Xt"sq`d/NhNg}a;Q*Zh.ʷ#Hj9ol|]?-aa4̕ :u7Ay;'ļخ,wyH\%mU-vUocbZ||aя,-pfcc41܌68_&&;qcsW=,˵H 㕤10gԞKbx |&_rkCPfLLu4xV._l?~˄Q`d \z$o/GEe}yxRq?w/FnA;Ӥ0hcǖ> J!0-rԵy5 1{\X^$_ 4_QyA5H|#" *^l3cdEʌ2eH<=7ԃQCCŎ=w.>IyНyr1RӡX==j?Ry|y2:krrF"XXAs@n;tXe?]0'ġ}=?v?Q+eͷ$qL'C-HT. ~$O-[L'㤕 Cf6XrQ|k5\V8 UXҰ;ssQvc}S\Y '.o% *-6g]YY;Qӏi+"() ;*L.y|4*ܧ^nA#{I8īCB + [Mn MZP<xˉa>sTG;/1<ڭtMؽ*S}J;aMux>ۣwqA{xS2}3bo>d}ߟ EM;}k1#dw5zG}Z663,XDo7~Mx@-9ۊd4?~,ӁF"XS9R{("4)k$THu:GӘkMNrcihr%e:#ڵXjٿGD )vY#Aj( }qO}"y8,,HhoН(Ɠ{X;HddW_+@"?!%M(jq.Mi]PVWMnK_$AE,f9V✾~wt捺TN "-R r/ E$gF{UHsmGY)qz+ثSIR`Ȣw tGZv/ON{VնL@]"UA>.f9(8n (cbir.QpvN@QXEڮ-ܝӑ9 #"GM+[[`hJգ'7–^s)qdڥTۗʭmd7} kxە_$JX>?:'1U]r؏n4KΎ05lʒtSB-kZzT7& ,9`ڛXzRŭSiNOKt) !0"1A2BQ@aq?78Gi_K;G Ϟ.TfOw]MdѦHUqS^7jx@@zxߡҊ0VtaFġVCjЫ{ŗ6Nh̜w $*}{r8?B%0M|au!o9Sp4ŅL>8G~kIDN@7k5vP5W]Ӑ1JnTlM7-Ov&QEۜ?( A!"012Qa#@B? …$ MB4ۜxR~B:GjZ1"RCJk:.K&ALQ)w)A㓉Σ?#HA7ڢ7 )ARgUBq[/xE:Pӄ}ɬ܈Z;Ou tSϖO6v-pʩZcxB*f{Q cS. q|''2.ڡ2#Qw;h VN}ȏZ[)g1ޭ)ڣRb<(8mBy@"o9! 1"AQ02aqBR#3@brSs?[WM![VqTzg)8X~la_[:իjnUݮtb"0xrO +AAn9El&XUw+:} uiW[YGlj  f11g|n#eep\ˏVRgv3] rc3bdMk㓊agGnـ>Q$?_qP̸cWğX*%4:e3^, lto F9 6jG5~9XR\ _2t\3@]nE8_nF M@z,C5bT!u['A愱ܧD R>R%83!P@x;+'BnC0㴢 ]9\&1%JhijMq6/i" *t5[uKw\Jh9Dy'XE)kkْ =1J^z6?hoD;7g杁w2r矪vy}nnaM8Lz+k-ɉ SЬ9^9ho)x+eQ~ٰVG]~4q4-FN]dTQ1AB> z|h]|e;xYP5`מb.V\Dv<<'Y(S}BgLG~bJԝpS(5EdڅѸ k x[fԢCr!QhVXUvQY%4oD9dROA;!_oZ' ͌/˨9 deT6,UqaZz,TV8wL~ٖvF;=TX 7"N[v*9v%UR`αp;yM sm"Z,Yt3ZnU˶gZcW1<&R0זU'Dt73 s3;m BZKA\B k EdU ,ԧVQ My@hB~iu[;#;qj% U,ߙ NXE?sP*Rq#uQ0.R%<0K[Z0 1|B7rqW/0x~&Df 0!)V%g8?7IJ[sizKRpgP|s-A TZ->BڹIp]/+Ϩ+à2u/O0KYF劧jܶ gfZUF^%_AGWAƟlXlrSaVq$QTap' fd,78 cY; U~2#V쁳HC2qaPQP'#@/IAеO&ak#0wnm#/3% , [1UJr.8M$ZPgP' Obsm4SS~kxHg?gKjؙi c&Tf!mnCX]=ygzms,qۛvDؼRh@VUWFFju|I_Q-AD.4T/FsU_ M"abILeO+0Ϭ^ҭIf>;LѩQwLjo. (iH"ԵO5hKO2:nBp@e~`=tQ{Nk;ٙ 7H>X00-N,v5_،]acoR+̣-s0'קc x #Oǯ, ʼn: fE ۑ 7S*79To`2tу;QQ^rqQgoœy`# 1\&YG̵3-IYŎ3?54Fu6SiPXv_fdrL(E Sܲ]D1|Βk>%R+!MlAQ֙]Gaߺ"Y(Kif<0䜮U;vy!qK.fSLkYVfs-*}#7^ߘ51C1mPGrFRufLoa@(L0ij31:G?GkD5_}J%'%SˎK`amf0c#+ce&`Y\ g&o=12wL{d5eRV+/^Fpq;1hCp!ߔm(6;"t5ۀxG2聺 TUwͅ)=7])}QHH7cy3JE0 )m3RM3QUY1Bl2<VfQqvo!6Kb /M<̎+DeH vu)"a|*%LȾ],!u0X?C_ ؂ԋJMjw.C\R 0nxM_~9뗍TRyɘ._K2W1+`ɦEh4>(3`AʉMk]f,8QNg{쐊(*|,,i7qvQ3Z~&YIԳO$1a@ -yl5H*+deu371©rz 5/y.zKX? 7jF괗H=ajNF̉ w1y`n8>2V-2s)B&-dL҂Kڹ3e?y?H MN9 'r=<Ļw=Z_Lf}r0l~k*(ٹ}<(*j7] nn 1) `G {+J!$!1 AQaq?K<μXvU`bs.$[.-\!9Gv5ɊQ"T {05P?$Z_Vhwmؿ#˩rj Kw@@ f;B=Z>g\D^S.T64=A^nvVdQBT^=@ @ BiӗpŠp0Kb?VŶ*cH0uc-a@ćp6!>7QQ,Wwe/0w=Wpb%A>*qR *ٚ9p` /pKa4 ?}+! 0~exV" \C.'؎57/ "!1 AQaq0??b]L[jlZC=xlξ7`rw{圎7^;z8qߜCgw%V 2^xf~&A#@$ZB$BȞ^<,;+ϫ]V'|,YxYOn0?^2 f,w7qDwߋݏol@--xXGx* p@<6$ }_FmϬ2ACw<ܛ3>'ٕ'<%pMW|<7\[z8l0ldx>Nɔs[#x6,1|?G;iz~[˱Qqkm;oHլ~mْLy:s#lF2Z ɥ'(%S, 9&!1AQaq?مy,Y qY;q/&8\g |`Bͼ&1|LF|c1 =K|g~I?syR_ҧ_?'2h}} a{V$I<@ `PEu'08MwF (YƷKC27NF!$1J#5 *kGB@o 鬶o"w'j~ZvNпS D˒ 9!)Kr#bhx[{T5s R߼>rE[*``]-DHl.D bWI jdn*y,ʑ=(` %qj13YXVѺņ)i=Jhٍ@dWY&#A }vOP*b"D"#rىƴ`Euo8 Q@XzV A(D˓el!cu3aU4(pu ]@ài-@-TPtx1?*IaS }㉁m60$WsCjS[ͯP 3sa\GᐂQ<`Y o,:r81KS* Js`ZQ )j|mJ*`P{ RFB6M8xdF.lʈJu1$B|⺔1@Tq4Qz@MptL` BޓbPi!ĆR8KB}cC x0)қ$Fד JPlO)[VQH P$r"?!`e|k/ļgM6;APFaj b# 21A2B""!Q!~ ͧ'TCÔLs /p+u_9)ksƔY&ɊR8iK_ǘJՌ>HF7 Ův R(n- L j= b\a+v<\+Cjا84}lN\!)۬09CMj[ϼQmhMx] 9+l}.>w RԫnTpmN QǴf0ʡ1 l7?Et}&El۵#h*?k<;pGh=<,=7xxC Wb[d/%8, Sj<y.l$|ceO"p|bpZUOxF\8W}e JSn(}o!`܍pR Rzq HBfxʠZׇIh.Ǭ"l} J}\ c ^4;S8C`{!@Cej-Ы[cQ L#@'8)) ƇY3n!D_j T W5<k8D)bHPs=g',' ~\({R:+"2k}rߍ(- bD?yYŦvAiD 5ќh)h?u[C&.?c{Tz>@P-k/h@cPbx`h+'gKr]>w1`ZdcE\6(|!>T#HG$L`'m^qXJZDe]t"0 /D=`@8r h/͜"//ɒy i0/! }\ ~P|~د|z nj668 y04K&PI &xb$sqq/7NyH{UCMo2 7^ MP*nA=|ch(dy VB8*P"=Wz>1=xFYaJ(X6-sD”tGΤy3$/ "_+ 5:mYrXن,]<QB7*xG٠8g8bq!xeT$A<VDg%U8@"4 QA1&-8@a|nXV7VkE8)H|z.oCxXRץ.TP cMM]'!G9S2o /XNk TLDU4L(Yi@W7BG WR k*ұ6!sf<47U y(x')q<ҔbN%  s]RNi}ACGuUPۃ`0/(@j~2H| y*ƩeUNKzf%}Am|Z"DamKHq48: Pw<B}gDuya0!}e x"qp"3{9K]ǹ-@(=c"(^~pR?U2i|"eк:'A_ 9ONA4$t1PeFP+ 4A D8c|[,!7DY:L+D!H*Dx16K \PٽcMuscp="iuXG S݀c~;#jGUtQlSx;XKˊɨ1HB>gYCSSba4 x/@@mACߗyHlvhf-!u_FxL]β]PV;GCXZ pL%<&"[!1WFl0A8g*| q3XzG0?ft0($d`lD|'8\,fP^ް TsCmD_1A @A}'D0A8b;qSA9%D’~#زpIEؙ<H:|)س!KGi9+I iɷWÚ? j ₰bڮ+^uM\o2_ &c-Uv`$G74X=~ h{)DD&E}i~bRE *5ڈ3W)Dk0Im;50SɀiOx).1U+T"4~?5Nӌ fjSq &̍^EYeGw]IWF&,A 2vQVڹljX7R;6f`jg@)bhLjEhv:"jB ?WGeȎ񅵒pPIQKCroH`r8DH0 ,QA"!qǍ+ƅ>1x9ČV%Λ9 :&,_ "iaO +vqM(+`/ 1@9xЕQR'3beG,ڝmd9(r`kDIcĪhL]AA-%&LO$P`d!ȵ` j~&T|A1Дт I`7\6h$wQĔ93X"s"=@, /8+%}LS`.Q^[Sk# (}WLA<`i<Uǭb}9vF1 GHO(=u |8XaP5@al PQdaӳ}\V>L|*.ƒ B0 =j@*xL[u)$XGh"qd cz-2i?ٕfkMrM!IH;tSzInrZ@PlxUճWi-as!Ѵ:LEj=UMuQR;ku*!h-"DV:ƩkI3{m4?|aB' [H؝1`Ƚ?<ܾ]قIE IP% fiQ*.!_35 rz1 K'DO?9~f 龷wx?r);8jwXo=>א4JM_I o6Q$f:_8by0-D>I@ KqQVs%v4Z")T4qwA(b~HQ@*|QCmHr?LdbX |\ %l9y<py14@ZR'#Gm@(.NH>d"Eu3)Wq񼲮' DB֓2mdz8%_2@@EJ )4ʒ¼!I GWCM5R(̖ZU4 *Jm6_X4í`N1D"NtC3v+ NrL5~q 4(u:Ax171af$ 6 NL,.?xE:Ix_ )dG\g5B!;616boxD@BTwJlPNÞbAeG&E9 E⑆'ᠯHqvJRxS ژ!yֱלO,nIS3O)]SA>#C.hZ0)-K_VLM a%f8y=:pzà 7A 0j ͒c]a)zGb9($V4))!KΕ&ZsxUXn1;Xyf_8 MIp}s$Sb!xىQ 5#۸J[ϡ[>;ĻB L'%mtuR5?en!8_dޭ1 y ό^Py D(C(`h}|dý/X pNA 06 "H]fBLe v# W3_Uc.,,fx oFS_Yr }x;Ao0Hp!!nJ7iLDa-]z0TjLp4phYm7XuJ ~-Q<>0%AJaPKRn5#;W^S"-HBx !|"3h 5+G-WdU,4dNLZlW4]p5)D9 Q}R4ɠw#bT X [5Q83BnyM (1lS&Sz xBA%2T(81J:h $48 !$7d*7eamt6muLZlW8ar{xr6 *sxF.л+m}#:bhsGP@dƃUafNX1# d/uuȕx,Px g7!EVIIQA2"Z41p4CQlAk}ĂEQӈIbEO&@ qJa& D8\6Tcy:AZ~Ud^2m9zZ&|&WE]8=V`2 j(O+:0L*=`8.>zq`μ8UlRGM_@ f?#`8-ȞpWy{EV&X:`H"wQ6;A|*)x9ASY& ˡE@~p){ €CA)^Z@w_RGӆr8+E S alA*lY;=a)̐+2ǢfV&(ѭS'LP-@yHP0P&n@'; 01y"`hY1J#LAixO.<:{gyC"-Mx!iC-b('Qd4 G&L4)@Jyf6CAewKll{T;(8{Nz 86""ufup 0eaj;`|^ߣ U_8J xuTsw譻ul 9xHkQhri;41$-6O9Nkz(-!i Қ E*5.Q9N hߕçAH@xux+p\ELwu|[ډNF #pEk2n,QTSWYwHӼqMaI Aa'>%>\(Qw~w }?b2`} Wa5pXV;Nzz0‡,㜶yXxJE3Ág1!R;dڥ0C }L(4_$cjmzmtI}aP PHoPsڿ] yKZs@o2Ƿo&@1QroT"EÊ1 WuΪ=Ku' 8?d~QnpqXCƯQ RR'/F{ Ӭ䴱}y.DhC,B )XP3@Ap4;*S\u4߮ 6y&̼\::x Y u]td53g./ɌVE̦ XQ(Ow A8a tc\n8,V( -$MX|y5 c %\ipr*@&#uIHw>Zp;"Gx:D+Î@G;MPUSzȨt`Ў:ьGѳ->LAdC4m]4,›)d7+z0% T}4]}ZaQ h;V\P :Re{8i5v̰M'6ĜP֟XHl52>& *a9pɋ>!`Zk*k56 S\ ڛxi8ymftAYkZ #E-] J8>@\,`p|_!Akqjsz7큶'D_SXjL8J|aTjG1u6q 9`[eq0>7y"7C=%]1vb:w jnH 8o3(iI6T`Q]ɖA^P[w~ULti>j(/7oEܞ0P~ M0@lȣNwJR8u;~J R }bV .4~ apcYI2 u̐w &+iL @]mGi'ȸlBOH5`2AHN;~:qq R{ClZz/.jn鋄ݸc2\d"@.o@G'Á@ v;Ϭ!Y( xz g"(k^1hԏ8C^rW9 u2j_v[qN1 9 k6&ksxᶜnjG|6FQH髠U#TWӎ=k2-g3NEToX{J͓%5/8ꇈǬB UqBV#t/cQ$񠆗W 6j~$:O#e+x|>p8 Zo T׬ {m4+ϗoHj!F/ *_.nƲ=]G0F+˧XK+ ]\`V""KV/f H($#noXCmw@qa=Dsf O"nOT}bYyr/397hw`cJmq+8de,hn 7Cˏf>Ӵ/tpϐA|]zxT;}^0 endstream endobj 16 0 obj [6 0 R /Fit] endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /CA 0.3 >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /ca 0.3 >> endobj 19 0 obj [6 0 R /Fit] endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 612.000 792.000] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 24 0 R 26 0 R 28 0 R 31 0 R ] /Contents 21 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1427 >> stream xWr6}Wc2ҼS['qICDLI@Hʏw{(X`{ /.&sx 0 .^)Ɇ/EquE" ID'ieDgUIq{ՉfAԚ{J/A؊*TwhѨ ǻU:2ۭ╗_i}CogUqUa ȮuRXIVTW<ŰV7Q zvO>(2X.FU(K 譮/>rE\DA?glkz]=sϟﱘtCto$yJ-%!V >̠w`T]qo=PF)drƩ, 8=iR͝Vurtg/!GF="NU{&p=P\-NMAw[ hH6X6} 8ٱFԽzѸAT)'6 .|YKఀ6X3F!LD|DmMc=m*7d^ʇ"}Y a_Q f)1Q~ "({emjɡxgCi2WIfa-2s5ј/XD\%$B(3i9N{2 QV 0NS6+gD(Ew&eqGoL`[c*0#\[|͵ce7iQB5Mk~+JՀ6D>s]0ܘcN P!o'5]eUcJ8pr!e~Ues{hIeWɛqp:SXœШa(ȚCށQaM@Ct2[\*a#ir#JÔ;>7<'Á ]T<5c"k$-N.Vc cCq 3@3n%eӲR=1.+_H9V>5{98fV޵[n'lq  K}SM3taz5x[PM֘Pa"b@բ j_"&Oe!LرQ|Ȑ\$n'Ɂhڝ)4.b' n4A[^lCBW }?+X#pFFX؉JEՠ"ȓ|vn~,{pbt9lEa) NVe -+޶mC'm3e#8p|9;_O q endstream endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /CA 1 >> endobj 23 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /ca 1 >> endobj 24 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 25 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 271.7600 666.6434 301.7840 678.8534 ] >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://endhomelessness.org/library/entry/the-state-of-homelessness-in-america-2015) >> endobj 26 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 27 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 297.7760 608.0354 416.4800 620.2454 ] >> endobj 27 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://usich.gov/population/chronic) >> endobj 28 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 29 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 35.0000 593.3834 137.7200 605.5934 ] >> endobj 29 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://usich.gov/population/chronic/in_focus/) >> endobj 30 0 obj [20 0 R /Fit] endobj 31 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 32 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 35.0000 50.9600 260.7500 350.9600 ] >> endobj 32 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://www.caringmagazine.org/caringwp/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/HousingFirst-Infographic.jpg) >> endobj 33 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 301 /Height 400 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 16650>> stream JFIFC    !'"#%%%),($+!$%$C   $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$-" 00kV]~/2çr e"@wHzg'sVeYu} Ǒ(xN=W0/i.lH'N@^X!&{Ldt֬_HAǷZpxfxQN<$zv"o_{}:5z=Lb`y֬_H3Gt1Qc_.v:M ç2)k{Mvﳆ7s&3|yO yJ2.Z՗_ c8Dzoyӄ+IwM߿ti}O/vNv-j˯c0i&>%J:G]iΧd}=#+z/S˯VjH1 a`y֬_HLrH[H_M8ssn=!'좟9.Xk#О!V)QQy֬_H a ^[zO8eYuz\>EǍA7a 3/=b/Z՗_ |{rUO|Z>uɀZa} 3U&חdn,04 !13"2@#$APuyIYEuQ>?U8m:#"?ŁG8bDJ$B7ێ*$I`h]^v6 îM/Ix5 *c:<.gnmc{9y2mm00qm XBT޾.% <#QaDkdldn^_ӏ wTa!(]_ e(*^wr.]āNJL 2n'a<2H3B k8k-(]^qMY'+@+ Yq t3ФRh*3I VfkD[x}n_ux?wtUM4~N+PY<qǥ҅O2ҧ5EQY9U/D g$74B*B;-DvC&M˹8;+ڄPF*F4p9BY͝Fb@i9*'b\M*Wȋݺn"4rZo}֣yk#,SpbrT.|+.f(]Bn$ҩ#>R2k6" "]t"rOL\.Ph к &v/8B-uDx75BdQBCJHI0.:[U$Di/syY١ux\|%6Dr1x{]-p7hwux-ޮZZ=߅+_œں>(> 2dc[_*J4{78>`s8DlӬQBnUv.%d{Yi0%Ÿ%030K`PHhmCE=[K$Y\R\%us"FedZPJ?W*Wnu0z26+)[GR* T( T(quyf`^։4alh6CP%. Bԕevԡ(v4.32BH$z%5evС(z4.=J(6\mݴnFvh]_6IIq^V LW4BFc@X:(:@:C F VHI[9ey&jm9rr qj(]_*IϸC72@tDDUI$:vɃzyšu|Y4>ML~UbN"lg{ܕn$pI."~h NOwVT u?Mnm]D[FtL(]_*J$|2τ߱6KE528|wR*.̃1Dxt娎ز N.ԼlR"xN[)3mRdi!.4.1l7 4P ~1Bh]_[:WU˶_bkf$"(jк9sA%xȱdDQq:WyͩDKˆE'y2(ȣ".BO7(6Qwh]^z8w6K34.:=DaJ^ZA^_- !1302AQa"@#b?S)(ڥ8[,a(/(.NinS0/L  -5 MrnrS77!^*ᄶ%8[rd֍НPp˜UiZT rkg[ jE c~YNۚZu $l!\avˢa*8[Tܝ"-&\n~eJp31D5ޠah`ZQjo1*(8[,=crXZʄZ)N2cs]U)&[w|N!a 5ANh)u%jR] _lvA?Ҕnr*(A|Q4=Хnh[!މޞ |l)[ҔnBH!c@_ u֕ŀkjmj8[s uR #UAoڭ; wM {4R-XHU : nELgH{PtPGYNEt) vBEA׋\p Qe8[V+T |[a~!TLJᙦnx5BN][&HwD6ћ& 2!01A"Qa@B?11nɮTZz NUQ&+*k1o&S1f0s154nf5tFHM)*hΐGTpNoV@dmnRB5GIcvOtgI&šmFc(B1g\Lǁ3Puo5;p4nSlj) Q(AS]WuG%4?roJ7Zyk1|}/"{_@լDŽpE>3o=!M.Yq]= !1 "023AQr#@BCRaqsS4Pbc?,Rn{3fP i$e: Q1*@ŢU΅ZHkB,*T^ EBo?TAדrD% Sfz0= >=CFLSMJrNĹ1pN?hFn߅#HEۓ{UW KjȄ=3^`bbbIˢg4ciZ`-Oc4hIcީߋ71V91B9#y1f`܆Q8 "+kf3fah|0ߍy ,Y{Yw-q]cZ 59bGQqň0+w ;܎zuw,2C`BkfI>XD@FlR.DP~f_gG2%nY6?P( L$gMii7T>Xsj)qAq*S\ g[VM#'d,Ěq<'#{-+B"{=TK%z CU ?t:0mM_bdwQ?f-mFcH$Tq@V؆P]ؙ Lr̂TzK, F^Pc lw뼣7! !=5chf蚲vّT>Y+GJ#q]][Ɗq(hY7"\{Yuvz*vuwtOb,֯P6e1d"IU7L;g ko6o>'ڳ|EcnYEez':0;M6kLb~_a8i4Q >VQ2Oyv,L&rW0?! 'fK8h+XUAHf{/'@ d/ʟ/ya_DD4`b= 3&.iL @?>Y*`T_ila,/Eo~`.ɟZGip?bؿ+;#vdѻK1ZT#ˆ*-B~%ʦDj'HY>YA4Gm?I8+D뼛7&ob',*b Ue 2O埶*>]*g(jٯoVqެfaެafʺV9 U?}~aZ~󍁄77{YzǮޢYF|KcTVζ"m !'k/PQ2!y&B!$AY"1O嘋=WEZAQsj Sm#j0|k@7Dn| )|'hhGG5sI,wzkL; qF=]Hu>d{Xdq Q*4QWT |)Eb  ezͤNT}pIH0 ;J; 14Q*6|ӸdVb>}]-3[TVs/Yh" 9FPc1&VTlT[>P #7j]%,V12ډ@^<ʡT?*H'?a"L=][5VoFxkO T߼!0!ek\Njq?~·TdU ]0uNA oQ[:@,c؟˰@YnOVCrƹ)!1AQa 0q@?!>Ētꢕ&KSTC$ +я> _^%P'ypqnH9>>1lQt`wR4$) l/{o/׎t Pˣf<w Ѓ\y$LF%p'$N"р. ¸ @bX2+9d4~C$`(gH@ASU)Fe}iWRyۈAQ~%Q:To XC5>b83p>c"E2PZpT`h  A6.6JD*!'y0#!FpM-{& X XDETp87p !bbZ+~rRL)B$ΉPI1?BV.xRT_r=`& lyμqT%w /Wς*@m%x@3_ '! cBjTJ_@pc|8s $0 ̴V  .%);ᕋLjtU,b0XB(T c|9PAZـK=Ä[IbyH#3 RGSA!3Ez1L-Kxns5􆒏 /h4zNoZڥ >#*s!OtYj,v5IxB2iJw']{3)(ֺdWG% 2f;0b2z1RCkc7> `#9pC"p0}RSMvF+ր-0NoHXFS($(U`)|}Ä[ $F (P`zhyF|}ÄpUYXcC/ @@ !-E-Lڅz?]VL[/@=%2ѦT@2ÇVMrnp~`'^bR7?[ ⼕-/pSMub-F%EYy# nkZ[Jt-m:}C}%woJ A5wtQ+H ܕn'kga-umGk4w @u̒w(P%i ^?B/o-- N|uz zӲcuYTg@6_PՐNR]` ukJ[@mJN<s: `]B)6FjR 5 <h`uѴ$dPS&pPTFqf6}Q"mi2 b9|8ʣB2ChnabaaPPO+MNPPp:\s(H*u:I&@K 0 !IU ÈYFynHR].@;91Ϡ;`3(Phfa"Pk F9!I8ml0.3(`! {Jk+Ì@W:n HQePH*?blV)|J@Aw–zU86D27h a:B[p!QW|8׶dP|Ma晗*p/6T~B Io, 2@neu0 Xy]Þ EZ]#@a.|c*w⡤?F&gGzEI6MNv3a>$TϬGKH0Eʖwy&a5/Q$Tb0l.wy !%GL&"c ,^ڄu/ vw#;χf1(A!К#V__ }<'|,O>/.P}*y U|ρ|oLd`<˂"Or<4 *g<]<;<_>|<{<<kAȓcS>zBxP7.(\w}eh7yKZ\)X DN-9J/s-J(#sr2bwNGWh7yz80SX^Q>ʦIVZ BS9T;XJn? Ag!TfQ. cR n1ִJU52QҔg#:ڥ%GrAn<5c -/P(⑁{%½8E1+~OVlj pW:~#4j}Q+rܮ fz-]`W+Ο~-\tuPTGieD %5]ƼM\mhR. w[b+lr9% |u d !oJd=qՔ e( kWj%;9 5xJ@rEՃ/5ܩS*!1AQa q0@P?aq8ܻ:(L-eRٙ ͊TT0,黦.Ak4'8 hruҕ+E`RL)bf.rB!(>jn1B;7*pV_`_m$ ey3?#SME6ot:@ ,t۪ TdLD(r7ؼAUxe!PА72E-QDEu^?" ϝHʄ^(EAKؒL}$h@, h5L:"6!WHVD#pr& CKv $A%9& MÃ\ 5PYEUH|$.Nܘ 的1d36%U0Vx%3QЂw66 hґEU>@^zjs퀮v bN_tnuι?F}AaG4At@riDXJ7tmD=SaI{ T-#'ƕe,hþlZXefEzW3U~8 ,;0 ߾]@|9 tu.ij7?^Tz0LQ$b\Bk l뗂HA~)37 s0B~;cv}^;5W.] ۺt+OT{i"1ć/ޭtok)]H`uB/yr:wЂ F> Ү=x>PHnz&B鞛}ĕoƒwF ~?rv9z^"<4CdL.!6ng xR sӥms2jC^#dFAaxAl|b)ϒ.3R8r(hQEK4* 9w߿aV@ qb[WyJ0e:WLPKÜi f"qT@> *%QӖRJ;K<$]8XS4Cx?ɟ !3B{7҂0 %BFfwæ ,Oe` -=U ,R¬"J'8v}5 Jɩxh7;w҃Z|qt'UMs4,oS*6"(Yh4ĊielU]Ͷ%RbЊ%\۔KD@B  d7(7 J~xl܀8A\vC3|V g$uk0Jc5(oH!{gCPkT`o _!@h, o*@%\ێ; As)*0@ #\ 6P@Ң(`|/x=_+=~))w|bk﯌-SVSD:+M'd ` ̔W3>AGr ElJ~ Uof䅠SO K.#Υ7M08o/WAf v2]+zz5(PUD aѾ4"ȁBScЁ65-@xަ 9mėNw@4&sf>J%I>?NxKA=;xSU B<]/a="}_tg@נ7yWuy\`o5MKxmq1x@p?Q; !+aXhH))`G#d 4CP,dj72hD>";=&& DWO_'H2z*B֣@` c-G}ϻ 3X^%}L_EC(^5gm}ʹ'#:PFF.ίGa1c06$.βbß;ȭLr.ib B*ف:;i#Ed=ƚ%0q sX E'13ӑ%sq3at!5-%09M) 9af܎#8ٽr\s7Ų؆SsB yC P)=n@3Ee.41ϟG0rto#v:A3("Ŗ\u )mO-QmF4@S)(q64YZ>P=M;Q<0fj ΐ\,pmo\bHbUϖ7uv*(i]FXrOgN(I'am&{mS G#2T^Ij>{>8gkAU2[hh"K^MG;pߒ79]XDqs}iLpEN \K$weCP2dU PP . 5=*kDDO}+k$}:UWޮ Iq^g'>iBsߟczMT"EC"#WKa@ S #U"k4$cTM@wg@\t;; 5?LͰHt@C@ULKG֘P;6 1mXhk 8F=qxNF7FKо@>lRup[u^]&"NKƂ{.aRz'hBюϝw_) &0}hAiZmԻ,.Ā€:)r ۳3qgMU`7սfstTUn1ANAֿ[OmW'bQ6M1&JaK4ճ*魵EѶ0:ư(3/Nd~52PH_^5GaA]+6gx1x;9]S=,` [7*[R5.8G # Իq3P 2 RJ'00]mWġ,qcNSvBE)Ś`z 0`Izܚ )b-iz˰OBzFihn [ÁSDhfeaM?D>`JAp_[" DF"lWf&It;~ˡHxѠQJr=HTAxn P\*~{=pTOKb 3o4\5%R~Ӱ[j2cDbJ9^LJ_ÁcOK=4qOZ":]/ endstream endobj 34 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 612.000 792.000] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 37 0 R ] /Contents 35 0 R >> endobj 35 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 2027 >> stream xXr}W>$U + &M9rV|ٕ6U)*5Ĭ <"+UGx =8;yЮ?5kaHfwkJ2* xuIEAH[U&$}o{: ҳ] ڌZFs'WKi)}0XRJ7- cϒEM"C97t48E1EQa5oU5=k%BVgl.+7D7R=l(:p+{|)LT1,TMm/:XBku+MO-)NկOĭHSG[ϡ_ *\2 Y"[Bժ6: ,\e?美Rpav/R Ȕ,}d0JIC/9T[dnJBuǢRƉ/ *՟\F50T ݪe8'qJNOU@X$uo.\z9X26@[QXȅPzP&+u/BX3cU#gFڋdݱiG: K n =+I\;~Ӎ.]=ziV `XF_| e]7aIY'YPJbs¹8;Uy2aF(N<ᑶsRPQ2,j:a8E\4k f0<Ẏ~( &(o@uBVGg ">@dELݺBN4(YD90L@Z8)V,խ*P} Q#ۀ=D'fA`DHx5dw}'itDY,f{HeEf Y C.%{UJrtugŜ;ݪBqmY6 rKLS8Q{e+y@"- sv( q|8_Qcĩz>-kF'c1#oc@?uh*>&{\tv U!TGO.xV<׫](P@]?s{3X:j0?JY:QWBF NWGS P[@CꆩV@%瑗p ։xOw%mD;~!HUHÚ|P&qO PJV"vxM|qe`NpShi( aRGy8!I3 a?Ez7[90#a>@5M10oTZ uxt&. XA~[#V}P^.iaj#- 4S 魑r*2-s7hj)F98/`pr7vr 4~<ˡV-{.SN揼XOi0LmۏhXLbk>'(H')mv~n=8\q i7/!ǁgQ1LR|6|{2yYSLEj$Ȍ E8zP,^ccwwXs9M ].-YԐ_|F[ȹ֌yEyI/uD~wl7-Y>ΓQO룧,Hox?`q3aí(e8b|v>`2$\~%`*Ptib sWܺ!u3Ug/z Zc˷o_ߜp2 ^-Çj0Mg_;V'empvL8ZxFaqçE+ RkmhUa42W_6kxҶ 1xr=<7" endstream endobj 36 0 obj [34 0 R /Fit] endobj 37 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 38 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 183.0800 651.9914 369.8120 664.2014 ] >> endobj 38 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://www.nami.org/) >> endobj 39 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 612.000 792.000] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 41 0 R 43 0 R 45 0 R 47 0 R ] /Contents 40 0 R >> endobj 40 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1874 >> stream xXێ6}]8X &3H0 vR,4gO!%R31ౚU|yFY[v_#m= n^Sa"Wt:$mD>Ҍ5b8̅qby{c}WErRMz*(.?K#fFQ?ʹtg%0bX ^7h:Ȯf2QHY㛕 `y XFh<PV$lg(ʊyhiyZ /)0vvOX%vⰭhn'bG)cX0]Iaf6BG1zvJJK)n3gqU2zhZ<%PydtI, o5*E{F_JM8J(*-zF\D Ӊ~dm Kto(ױ奧Vp%vtW#0vtNL TPAdUi~G%DͣIq9g7(xS1p:n8 p;UhpHI.rx/ӀY׿K-}p t[ >B ?'y<8FRnp%5gѫ+Mtn/6Cb>B*KE+;Q`3o*:,Tx 2j/:^8Hl~JګDo  4: pڣ>5qR^>@ > iC3u tTYz] ⣘@2}2E PK}z!*Q3,}xodNA 0ntkWuĝL!VP7\==1YyDPސ&is Jݠ`VQ4RϹj w;/ĊGt5uE)Knuڲl_F{HGR vm?Ǝ8ޢV-8ѝX(R?rz8rShYCĬ}z5|ԧ-edl5kfnVvqqp7E p|XxŜeqy>dz`t':aĉ㫀Ex0ԩ+"C7hg`{x#yOn懿 <% endstream endobj 41 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 42 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 132.3560 707.9474 245.0720 720.1574 ] >> endobj 42 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://pathwaystohousing.org) >> endobj 43 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 44 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 91.0040 678.6434 211.7240 690.8534 ] >> endobj 44 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://volunteer.usawest.org) >> endobj 45 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 46 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 225.7280 678.6434 328.4360 690.8534 ] >> endobj 46 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://volunteermatch.org) >> endobj 47 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /F 28 /A 48 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 155.7080 649.3394 383.1080 661.5494 ] >> endobj 48 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://salvationarmyusa.org/usn/veterans-affairs-services) >> endobj xref 0 49 0000000000 65535 f 0000000009 00000 n 0000000074 00000 n 0000000120 00000 n 0000000442 00000 n 0000000479 00000 n 0000000628 00000 n 0000000731 00000 n 0000001661 00000 n 0000001768 00000 n 0000001876 00000 n 0000001986 00000 n 0000002099 00000 n 0000002128 00000 n 0000038462 00000 n 0000038491 00000 n 0000061909 00000 n 0000061938 00000 n 0000061997 00000 n 0000062056 00000 n 0000062085 00000 n 0000062230 00000 n 0000063731 00000 n 0000063788 00000 n 0000063845 00000 n 0000063979 00000 n 0000064114 00000 n 0000064248 00000 n 0000064336 00000 n 0000064469 00000 n 0000064567 00000 n 0000064597 00000 n 0000064729 00000 n 0000064876 00000 n 0000081695 00000 n 0000081819 00000 n 0000083920 00000 n 0000083950 00000 n 0000084084 00000 n 0000084157 00000 n 0000084302 00000 n 0000086250 00000 n 0000086384 00000 n 0000086465 00000 n 0000086598 00000 n 0000086679 00000 n 0000086813 00000 n 0000086891 00000 n 0000087025 00000 n trailer << /Size 49 /Root 1 0 R /Info 5 0 R /ID[] >> startxref 87135 %%EOF Housing first, care second | Caring Magazine
green door and green window

Housing first, care second

Listen to this article

Pathway to Housing’s simple yet revolutionary way to help the chronically homeless

Gerard Thomas
Gerard Thomas

Gerard Thomas served with the U.S. Army in the Vietnam War, and then lived on the streets of Washington, D.C., sleeping on park benches, in alleyways and deep in the woods of Rock Creek Park for 30 years.

“I came home from the service with a lot of baggage,” he said.

He didn’t realize it at the time, but the weight that he carried was undiagnosed—and consequently untreated—paranoid schizophrenia. He soon became involved in the drug culture of the 1970s and lost his family, his job and most of his friends.

Eventually, Thomas was arrested and entered into a common trap for those struggling with mental illness—cycling prisons, to mental institutions and back to the streets. He might have found treatment in a state psychiatric hospital, but the movement toward deinstitutionalization in the 1960s offered the hope of a better system of care at home. But without a home, many people lacked adequate care.

The National Alliance to End Homelessness found on a single night in January 2014 that 578,424 people in the United States were experiencing homelessness—sleeping outside or in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program. That number includes a subset of individuals with disabling health and behavioral health conditions who experience homelessness for long periods or in repeated episodes over many years—people experiencing chronic homelessness. This number amounts to 107,148 individuals, according to the latest U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) estimates.

Deinstitutionalization, which critics say increased chronic homelessness, started when President John F. Kennedy signed the Community Mental Health Act in 1963 to provide federal funding for community mental health centers as an alternative to state facilities. It aimed to allow patients to live at home and receive treatment locally. Then Medicare and Medicaid passed in 1965 without funding for patient care in mental health institutions. To qualify for funding, states began to push patients out of expensive state mental hospitals and into nursing homes. But the community mental health program, which promised to afford patients independence and consistent mental health care, was never fully funded.

Without the proper funding or standardized methods of care, many people struggling with mental illness were unable to find permanent housing or maintain the housing that they had. As one consequence, over time the percentage of people with mental illnesses in prisons increased.

Click to enlarge >> Infographic by Mayra Magalhães Gerard Thomas
Click to enlarge >>
Infographic by Mayra Magalhães Gerard Thomas

According to a study by the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill, 64 percent of local jail inmates, 56 percent of state prisoners and 45 percent of federal prisoners have a serious mental illness. People experiencing chronic homelessness cost the public up to $50,000 per person per year through their repeated use of emergency rooms, hospitals, jails, psychiatric centers, detox and other crisis services, according to the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness.

All of these factors led psychologist Dr. Sam Tsembiris to a simple yet revolutionary way to help the chronically homeless—give them housing. He called this the Housing First method and started Pathways to Housing in New York City to prove that it worked. It did. Since then, the method has maintained an 85 to 90 percent housing retention rate, compared to a 40 to 50 percent average success rate among other homeless housing programs.

Utah was the first state to test the method in 2003, placing 17 chronically homeless individuals in homes. A year later, 14 of them were still in their homes and on the road to recovery; the success led to statewide implementation. In April 2015, state officials announced chronic homelessness was down 91 percent with just 178 people still chronically homeless in Utah. The state estimates that Housing First has saved its taxpayers $8,000 per formerly homeless person.

“There’s a really simple solution to ending chronic homelessness and that is providing people with housing,” said Christy Respress, executive director of Pathways to Housing D.C. “Often times, we offer people other things first but that’s not what people need; they need housing first. That way, they can actually start to address other things.”

Respress said that many housing programs have certain requirements before an individual can be considered housing ready. In contrast, the Housing First method teaches that a person is housing ready when he or she asks for housing. Respress said this offers a chronically homeless individual an undercurrent of stability that allows him or her to focus on taking charge of their health.

“If people could get better while on the street, they would do that,” she said. “No one wants to stay on the street and battle addiction and if they could get better on their own, they would. They were stuck.”

Pathways to Housing now has programs in D.C., Vermont and Pennsylvania, and trains other organizations in the housing first method out of its corporate headquarters in New York City.

In its own programs, community volunteers identify clients on the street and simply ask what they need.

“Most people say, ‘I just want to be normal. I just want a normal apartment and to be on my own,’” Respress said.

DO GOOD

Support specialists help those interested in housing find and apply for an apartment. Clients hold their own lease, paying for their housing through Section 8 vouchers and disability income. An assertive treatment team—including a psychiatrist, addiction specialist, social worker, nurse and a peer who has been through the process—then offers additional, voluntary support. By uncoupling housing and support services, Respress said clients know that their homes will not be taken away if they stumble on the road to healthy living.

“It is revolutionary and it really, truly is the answer to ending homelessness,” Respress said. “We have really led the charge in changing the system to say every person deserves housing and respect and an ability to recover.”

Tsembiris’ Housing First idea is helping to fulfill the promise of deinstitutionalization: community mental health centers with permanent supportive housing. This was just what Gerard Thomas needed.

“They saved me,” Thomas said. “Somebody who had been homeless for a long time and they provided all of these other wraparound services to help me become the person that I am.”

He now works as a certified peer health specialist, helping other formerly homeless veterans to live healthy and meaningful lives.

“Hope is the key to everything,” he said. “You’ve gotta have hope.”

But before Pathways gave him hope, they gave him housing.

You May Also Like